When the driver presses the brake pedal, brake fluid under pressure from the master cylinder flows through the brake lines into the wheel cylinder. The piston inside the wheel cylinder moves outward under brake fluid pressure, pushing the brake pads against the wheel. This generates braking torque, causing the vehicle to slow down or stop. When the driver releases the brake pedal, the return spring pushes the piston back to its initial position, releasing the brake fluid pressure and disengaging the wheel brakes.
Common Faults and Symptoms
Brake Fluid Leakage: Aging or damaged wheel cylinder seals may cause brake fluid leakage, manifested by rapid fluid level drop in the reservoir, increased brake pedal travel, and diminished braking force.
Piston Seizure: Prolonged use or improper maintenance may cause the piston to seize within the cylinder, resulting in difficult pedal operation or inconsistent braking force.
Seal Failure: Aging or damaged seals lead to brake fluid leakage and diminished braking performance.
